It is believed that every woman has experienced vaginitis at least once in her life. Women of reproductive age and those who are sexually active are more prone to vaginitis. However, many people are unclear about the causes of vaginitis. In fact, vaginitis is divided into many types, including bacterial vaginosis, yeast infection, trichomoniasis, and sexually transmitted vaginitis, each with different symptoms. Many people also ask, "Will vaginitis heal on its own?" This article will explain the symptoms, treatment, and prevention of vaginitis.
Causes of vaginitis
Vaginitis is caused by the disruption of the healthy vaginal microbiota. There are many reasons for this, ranging from diet, lifestyle, and sleep quality to factors like weather and chronic diseases. Additionally, sexual activity is closely related to vaginitis because it can easily introduce external infectious agents into the vagina. Semen can also alter the vaginal pH balance. Therefore, women who are sexually active or engage in frequent sexual activity are more prone to developing vaginitis and may experience recurrent vaginal inflammation. During pregnancy, hormonal changes in expectant mothers can create a more humid and warm vaginal environment, becoming a breeding ground for bacteria or fungi. Consequently, vaginitis is also very common in pregnant women. Here are other potential causes of vaginitis:
- Lowered immunity
- Long-term use of antibiotics, or the use of steroids or immunosuppressants
- Taking high-dose birth control pills
- Diabetic
- Always wears tight or non-breathable pants and underwear
- A diet too high in sugar
- Lifestyle habits (smoking, excessive drinking, staying up late)
- Poor sleep quality
- Poor hygiene
Vaginitis symptoms
Bacterial vaginosis
This type of vaginitis is common in women of reproductive age, with typical symptoms including increased vaginal discharge, yellow or green discharge, an odor, and mild vulvar itching; however, 50%– 75% of women do not experience symptoms after diagnosis.
Candida vaginitis
This is the most common type of vaginitis. Patients' external genitalia will have white discharge that resembles cheese or tofu dregs, and the vulva will be abnormally itchy with swelling. In addition, burning and pain will be felt during sexual intercourse or urination.
Trichomonal and sexually transmitted vaginitis
This type of vaginitis is a sexually transmitted infection. Symptoms include yellowish-green, foamy, foul-smelling discharge. Additionally, there may be itching in the genital area, increased discharge, pelvic or lower abdominal pain, difficulty urinating, and even abnormal bleeding. However, some patients may have no symptoms.
Vaginitis treatment
Bacterial vaginosis
The patient was treated with oral antibiotics and vaginal suppositories. Additionally, the patient should avoid vaginal douching and practice safe sex.
Candida vaginitis
The patient needs to take antifungal medication, including oral, vaginal suppositories, and topical cream; diabetes should also be controlled if necessary.
Trichomonal and sexually transmitted vaginitis
The patient is primarily treated with medication. Their partner must also undergo examination and treatment simultaneously. Maintain personal hygiene and practice safe sex. Also, avoid sharing towels and clothing with others.
Will vaginal inflammation heal on its own?
Mild bacterial vaginosis cases usually resolve on their own. However, if a patient is pregnant, there is a chance of complications. Yeast infections are difficult to overcome on your own and are hard to eradicate. Once immunity is weakened, they can recur. If trichomonal or sexually transmitted infections are left untreated, they can cause continuous inflammation in the partner, and in severe cases, even infertility. Therefore, if you suspect you have an infection, seek medical attention as soon as possible. If necessary, ensure your sexual partner is also treated.
How long does vaginitis take to heal?
The general medication treatment is about 7 days. As long as you follow the doctor's instructions and finish the medication, you can recover. If you stop taking the medication on your own before you are fully recovered, it may lead to complications such as cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease. If there is no improvement after taking the medication, it is recommended to seek medical attention again so that the doctor can assess whether other medications or treatments are needed. For trichomonas vaginitis and sexually transmitted vaginitis, it is recommended to be tested again after completing the course of treatment to ensure complete recovery.
Preventing vaginitis
To prevent very uncomfortable and bothersome vaginitis, one should maintain bodily resistance, keep the genital area dry and clean, and avoid inflammation.
- After using the toilet, wipe from front to back to clean, avoiding spreading anal bacteria to the genital area.
- When cleaning, avoid douching, as this can wash away lactobacillus.
- It is recommended to shower using a showerhead, avoiding baths.
- Choose breathable cotton underwear and avoid wearing overly tight pantyhose.
- Wash your vulva with a neutral or mildly acidic cleanser.
- Maintain a single sexual partner and use condoms correctly.
- Clean your genitals before sexual intercourse, and urinate after sexual intercourse.
- Practice a healthy lifestyle, including regular sleep and a balanced diet, to boost immunity.
- You can take probiotics specifically for intimate health on a regular basis.
Obstetrics and Gynaecology Specialist
Dr. Suen Sik Hung, Stephen